Machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston-rings.



. 'D. F. DOMIZI. MACHINE FOR FINISHING THE LAI'ERAE EDGES 0F PISTON RINGS.

APPLICATION mas mu.2 0. 1912.

Patent-ed May 18, 1915;

n wo 'r-t DOMIZI l I .0. F. DOMIZIQ- MACHINE FOB FINISHING'THE LATERALEDGES O'F PISTON RINGS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. zq, 1912.

Patented May 18,1915

"7 SHEETQ-SHEET 2.v

a. F. DOMl Z|. MACHINE FOR FlNiSHiNG T HE LATERAL EDGES 0Fv PISTONBINGS.

APPLIQATION FILED JAN- 20, 1912.

Patented May 18, 1915.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

DAVID E 130 121 awe/who's D. F. 00mm. MAGHINE FOB FINISHING THE LATERAL mass or PISTON muss.

APPLICATION FILED JANE-20, I912.

Patented May 18, 1915.

I SHEETS-SHEET 4.

DAVID E DOMIZI v D FNDOMIZI. MACHINE FOR FINISHING THE LATERAL EDGEs 0F PISTONRINGS.

- APPLICATION FILED JAN-Z01 I912. 1,189,650.

Patented May 18, 1915.

1 SHEETS-SH EET 5.

994 ogwp F. DOMIZI D. F. DOMIZI. MACHINE FOR FINISHING THE LATERAL EDGES 0F PISTONYRINGS.

APPLICATION FILED .IAILZO, I9I2.

Patented May 18, 1915.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

DAVID F: 'DOMIZI D. F. DOMIZl. MACHINE FOR FlNiSHiNG THE LATERAL EDGES OF .PISTON RINGS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20, 1912.

K0. 1, 91 H m\h\. Em Vi L a 7 Mm m MM 0 .r w 3 D 3 0 5 6 9 .Qu 1 41 risen.

DAVID EeDOMIZI, 0F FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

HAGHINE FDR FINISHING THE LATERAL EDGES PISTON-RINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 20, 1912. Serial No. 672,504.

Piston-Rings, of which the following is a specification.

The object, construction and operatlon of my machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings,are herein set forth with suf- 'ficient clearness to enable those' skilled in the art to which it appertains, to make and use the same.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine by means of which the lateral edges of snap rings for pistons of various kinds of motors, engines, pneumatic and hydraulic machinery, etc, may he finished cheaply, quickly and accurately.

There is now no uniformity of practice in this line of work, as nearly everymanu- .iacturer engaged therein has some particu lar method of his own, but it is generally conceded that there is a. want to be filled in the way of a machine that willv do this work quickly, cheaply and with the degree of accuracy that is demanded, especially in the line oi high speed motors for automobiles, motor boats, aviation craft, etc.

It is generally conceded that, in order to secure a properly finished surface upon a ring, the final finish must be inmarted thereto by grinding, but in finishing the lateral eds s, much diihculty has been experienced in attaining the proper accuracy of width, as herctotore the machining or tooling of the ring has been done upon one of a number of machines, and by various operatives, and the final grinding upon another machine. Under these circumstances, the quality of the machining was likely to vary, the tool-marks being coarse, in some instances, and much liner in others, owing to various circumstances, such as the shape of the tool, amount of feed, the speed of the machine and the skill of the operative; and these variations left differentamounts of stock upon the ring,, to be removed, by grinding, hence much care and skill was necessary, to secure the final desired results. Reehucking the ring, for the various operations, also added to the iiliculty.

With my machine, on are other hand, the

cutting tools may he I that all that is required of the grinding accurately adjusted, so

mechanism is, to remove the tool marks, no rechuckmg is required, and, under the eye or a single operative, the work has been changed from one of vexation and uncertain results, to one of ease, accuracy and extreme uniformity of product.

One form of construction whereby I attain the above object, is clearly illustrated in the drawings, which form a part hereof, the various figures of which are as follows Figure l is a front elevation of my ma chine; Fig. 2 is a. left end elevation; Fig.

3 is a plan view; Fig. 4 is an end view,

with the bed shown in section, to expose the operative mechanism to view; Figs. 5, 6, and? are details of cam, clutch and clutchoperating mechanism used in my machine; Fig. 8 is a central, longitudinal section of the grinding mechanism, and the preferred form of mandrel for the same; Fig. 9 is a central, longitudinal section of the grinding mechanism, showing a modified form of mandrel construction; Fig. 10 is a plan view, partly in section, of the live spindle or head stock of my machine, showing one form of chuck which may be employed; Fig, 11 is a face view of the chuck jaws, showing the expanding plunger or mandrel in section.

The same reference characters are applied to identical parts in all the views.

The drawings illustrate one form of construction, whereby my inventive idea may be mechanically expressed, hntsaid drawings are illustrative merely, and are not intended to limit my invention to the precise form of embodiment shown, the scope of my inventivc idea. being a machine which will simultaneously finish'both lateral edges of an annulus, while the same is beingrevolved,

Tl 1e construction shown in the drawings is substantially as follows Mounted upon a suitable bed 1, is a head stock 2, having suitable bearings 3, 4, for the reception of a live spindle 5, that is provided with means forrevolving same, which may a cone pulley 6. Upon the inner end of said live spindle 5, is mounted a chuck 7, that is suitable for chucking piston rings by the internal engagement thereof, and in suoha manner that the lateral faces thereof can be simultaneously operated The chuck which I preifer to use Patented May 18, 1915.

for this purpose, is the one shown and described in a certain application for Letters- Patent of the United States for chuck for piston rings, No. 622,57 9, filed by me on the 21st day of April, 1911. I have, however, shown a modified form of chuck in Figs. 10 and 11, which may be used, and will presently'be described.-

Also mounted upon the bed 1, and longi tudinally movable thereon, is a saddle 8, to which are affixed appliances for finishing thelateral edges of the piston rings. One of said appliances consists of a suitable tool, composed of two tool holders 9 and 10, eachprovided with a cutter 9 and 10 respectively, adapted to roughly finished the piston ring, and bring the same to an approximately definite and accurate width.

uch a gage tool is fully shown and de-v scribed in a certain LettersPatent of' the United States, No. 1,098,026, issued to me on the 26th day of May 191e, though any other suitable device could be used in place of the one shown, if desired.

as will be fully understood by a reference.

letters Patent, holders 9 and 10 stable by means of the collars 9 and 10"1, shown in the drawings forming a portion of said Letters Patent, for the purpose' of varying the width of space between. the adjacent cutting edges of tools. 9 and 10', when such variation is desired.

The other of said appliances may be any suitable device for simultaneously grinding the two lateral edges of a ring, composed of two abrasive wheels lland 12, designated in Figs. 8 and 9 as and 61, mounted upon a suitable mandrel, for which bearing 18 and 14: are formed upon a bracket or housing 15. A more detailed illustration of such grinding wheels as I prefer to use, and the arrangement of same, is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, and will presently be described.

'I-lousing 15 is attached to saddle 8 by means of bolts 16, the heads of whicl'r are inserted i l' slots 17 in the saddle, and

I this arrangement permits the adjustment of said housing longitudinally of said saddle, whereby the machine is adapted for operation upon rings of various diameters.

Gage'tools 9 and 16 are mounted. upon a stand 18, which 1s secured to saddle 8 by means of a bolt 19 that occupies a T slot 20,

whereby ad ent of tools longitudinally of saiu nrlfli lltd 8 is provided for, and said adjustment is also for the purpose of adapting my ma hine for operatin upon rings of eonsi'de. variatiomin diameter. Saddle 8 is'longitudinally movable upon bed 1, and may be moved therein, either automatically, bymeans of the cam-whcel -21 and leverf22, or by means of the sector 23,. through its engagement with rack as. Sector 1s secured upon shaft 25, which has a lever 28 attached thereto for operating from the action of lever 22, and for the purpose of limiting the movement of the saddle in either direction, when so manually oper ated, I provide a stop, which consists of a screw-threaded rod 26, attached at either end to the saddle, and passes loosely through an eye-bracket 26*, attached to bed 1. A pair of lock nuts 26, adapted to contact with said eye-bracket, is placed upon rod 26, upon either side of bracket 26", and by adjusting said nuts relatively to said bracket, the movement of the saddle willbe thereby limited, so that the cutting and grinding devices will be limited in their operative travel and caused to stop at the proper point.

The construction of the cam mechanism,

able or disengageable pin38 passes and operably connects lever 22 to said saddle.

Wheel 21 is mounted upon a shaft 34, for which bearings 35 are provided, and is re volved by means of the following mechanism:Rigidly aiiix'ed to shaft 34 is a worm-wheel 36, withwhich meshes a worm 37, adaptedto drive said wheel. Term 37 is revolubly mounted upon shaft 38, whichnrojects' through the bed 1, and is provided upon its outer end with a cone pulley 39, which may be driven from pulley 40 by means of a belt l-l, Pulley 10 is keyed to the live spindle 5. Motion is transmitted to worm 37 by means of a clutch,sce FigL 5-one member 42 of which is formed upon one end of said worm, and-the other member l3 thereof is slidably and non-revolubly.

mountedupon shaft 38. .Means is provided for automatically disengaging the clutch, at the completion'of the operation upon each ring,-which is accomplished duringonerevolution. of wheel 2'1,rand said means, shown especially in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, are as follows :A. shaft l-t passes through the bed '1, and to the same is attached and keyed an actuating yoke 4:53, which engages the pins 46 of the collar 47, in which the clutch-hub 4-8 revolves. Also keyed to the inner end of shaft 4.4 is an arm 49, to the upper end of.

which is attached a dog or pawl 50, which extends over into close proximity to the lateral face of wheel 21, and the free end there. of 15 so posltioned, when the clutch is eninatic disengagement of said clutch.

h s the drawings is merely illustrative messes gaged, that it encroac'hes upon the path of pin 51, projecting from said wheel as r :T shown in i 1g. 6. l hen. said pin comes into ntact with the end of pawl 50, it causes ever l9 to move toward the vertical posi ion, and this movement causes shaft 4 4 to slightly. Said shaft ll pro ects turn , 'izlirough lied 1 and to its outer end is allixed did keyed the hand-lever 52. To said lever is attached pointed latch-block that hears against a yieldshle, pointed detent 54, which is held in the position shown in Fl suitable spring When. arm has inoicd suiliciently toward the vertical ion to cause the point of latch-block pass the point of the detect 5%, the outward thrust of said detent, impinging upon the inclined face of block 53, causes erm 4:9 to move to the substantially vertical position shown in Fig. 7. This also actuates yoke 45, and causes the disengagement of the clutchmembers 42 and Q3, and, in order to secure quick and positive disengagement ofsaid dutch-members, I provide the following cleails for causing such actuation. Clutch member 43 is extended in the form of a slecve'56, in Whichis a chamber for the reception. of a spiral spring 57.

One end of said spring bears against the lutch-huh 48, which is slidaiole upon said 56. When hub l5 starts to move in the disengaging'direction, spring 5'? causes the clutch-member 43 to remain in the engaged position until hub 48 hears against collar 58, which is firmly 'secured'to sleeve 56; at this instant the quick movement above forth, caused by the menihci and 54., takes place, collar 58 is c .zsed to move quickly illifi: contact with collar 59, and durthis quick movement, 'agernent the Cl1l'l 3lll11ll'll3 3]?i%' is cs which the worm 37 and the actuated to ope; lug. lent of clinch-members l, this is inanuail" accon'iplished; by

of the handdcver 52..

will be readily understood that the r, i may he hoth menu-ally engaged and. disengaged, when so desired. It will also adily understood that other mechanism could be employed for causing the auto That of one way in which it may be accomplished, and I do not wish to he understood es limiting myself thereto. i

The construction of the grinding mechanism for this machine is substantially the same as that set forth in my application for Letterslsteut oil the United States, for a machine for rinding the lateral edges of piston rings,

w on the 26th day of January, 1912, Se-

a). (372,50 "With the construction here vever, certain modifications of .ag mechanism are desirable,

modifications are clearly shown in Figs. 8 v

and. 9, which ll will now describe in detail.

Fi 8 shows the preferred form of construction, hutinasmr as the form shown in Fig. 9 is the sin er form, this will be first described, and an understanding of this form will gald in a more ready understan. ng of Fig 8.

Two eh ive wheels 60 and G1, designated. infigurcs other than in 8 and 9, ii and 12, and between the juxtaposed facof which, the grinding is done, are adjust lily moon 1 side by side upon a compound mandrel, consisting of the longitudinally movable sleeve 62, to which wheel 60 is secured, and a longitudinally movable sleeve 63, to which Wheel 61 is secured. Said wheels and sleeves are caused to revolve in unison upon shaft 65, which is nonrevoluhly secured in the hearing 64, by means of a pin 65.. Relative revolubility between sleeve 62 and 63 is prevented by the spline 66. Sleeve 63 is formed into a beltpulley 67 for the reception of a driving helt.

In this form of construction, I provide for the simultaneous, relative adjustment of both abrasive Wheels, in the following manner Sleeve (32 is revolubly connected to an adjust-- lug-sleeve 62, by means of a split collar 62". The outer end of sleeve (32 is reduced some what in diameter, and said reduced portion is externally screw-threaded. Sleevelil is revoluhly connected to an :idjustingslccve 63 by means of av split collar 6 the parts of which are secured together by 11193111501 bolts or screws 68. Sleeve (33 is internally s'cre\'v-thrcar.lcd with a lhi'ead that is reverse to that of the external thread upon sleeve G2,th'et is one is a right-hand thread, the other a leit-hnnd thread. Passing revoluhly "through the bearing 69, is a sleeve 70, whose inner end is externally and internally threaded. tile-id threads are relatively reverse, to lit the threads upon sleeve 62 and The outer end of sleeveTO is formed '03. into a han l-wlwel 71,,suitable for revolving some, and when sleeve 70 is revolved, sleeves (33, (i3 and wheel (51 move in one direction, and sleeves (32, (i2 and wheel (30 move in the opposite direction, thus varying the width of gap between said Wheels.

The construction shown in Fig. 8 differs mainly from that shown in Fig. 9, in the fact that the grinding wheels are independently adjustable, and a separate adjusting device is provided for each. In other respects, the constructions do not differ materially, so far as my inventive idea is concerned.

The construction shown in Fig. 8 is as fol lowsz-The grinding wheels (30' and 6] are identical in construction with those shown in Fig. 9. llfh'eel 30 is attached to the mandrel-sleeve 62" and. wheel 61 is attached to the mandrel-sleeve 63. Shaft 65 is non revolubly mounted in the bearings (i i and. 69, but it is made longitudinally movable therein, for the purposeoi laterally adjusting wheel 60. in a manner presently to appear.

The wheels 61 and 62 are held apart by means of spring 73 that bears at its inner end against a ring or annulus M, which in turn against one end of a plurality of rods 75, which pass loosely thr ugh the flange 76 of the Wheel 61, but are dimly attached to the flange T? of wheel 60. The outer end of spring 73 bears against a collar 78 that is attached to sleeve 63* by means of a screw-thread. Spring 73 is compressed to a considerable degree by means oi the collar 78, and the reactive or expansive tendency of said spring is to hold sleeve 62* firmly against the thrust-bearing 79, and sleeve .63 firmly against the thrust-bearing-80.

The desired. width of? the ring bemg operated upon, is secured by the Width of the slot 72 between the wheels, and the width of said slot is determined by ti e lateral adjust ability of the grinding wheels.

Wheel is adjusted in the following manner: Shaft is longitudinally movable, as aforesaid, and is so moved by means of the hand-Wheel 81, which is rig'dly secured to a stem or pin 82, that screws into one end of said shaft. At the opposite end of said shaft, is affixed a collar 83, secured to the shaft by the pin. 8%, and the inner end of said collar 83 bears against the thrust-collar 79. When the hand-wheel 81 is moved in one direction, it draws 65 toward it, and this causes e. corresponding movement of wheel 60, or its movement toward Wheel 61, and a diminution of the width of gap 72. When hand-wheel S1 is turned in the opposite direction, the pressure and reaction of Wheel 7 3 causes the shaft 65 to move in the opposite direction from that above set forth, and an increase in the width oi gap 79.

The means whereby wheel 51 is adjusted, consists of a sleeve 85, which is non-revolubio, and longitudinally movable Within the housing 86. Said sleeve is externally screwthreuded for the reception of-a .uut in the form of a worm-wheel 87, which is revolved by. means-of a worm 88, to which a hand- Wheel 89 is attached for convenience of manipulation. One end of sleeve bears against sleeve 63 through the medium of a thrust-bearing S0, and when nut 8'! is turned in one direction, said sleeves 85 and 63 are caused to be moved,-and with them, wheel 61,-toword wheel 60, which decreases the width of gap 7 2. \Vhen said nut 8'? is turned in the opposite direction, sleeve 85 is retracted, and-the reaction of spring 73 vmoves sleeve 63 and its wheel 61, so that the width of gap 72 is increased.

Suitable guards, as 90 and 91, are proto the front end of nally gripping a piston ring 98.

vided for excluding particles of abrasive matter .from the working portion of the arbor.

It will be readily noted that the form of mechanism shown in Fig. 8 is capable of a much finer and more minute adjustment .bodyin the same general-features set forth,

could a so be employed;

As previously mentioned, the form of chuck which I prefer to use with my ma chine, is the one shown and described inmy said application Number $22,579, but I have shown a'modified form or. chuck in Figs. 10 and 11, which is particularly well adapted for use with small rings, of diameter of two inches and less.

There are also some other important, modified forms of construction and arrangement, shown in Fig. 1.9, w ch I. will particularly point out and do ribe.

The chuck here shown-is provided with a plurality of sectorshaped jaws 92, therear face of each of which is substantially plane,,:- I Y and upon the front face is formed a V- bead, having faces93 and i to bear against an arbor-94, that is attached Said jaws are line transverse means of a thimble 96.

adapted to move bodily iii a to the axial line of the spindle or arbor 94. Provision is made at the ceiitral point of said. jaws for the passage of an e 331M161- maudrel 97, upon wh ch is s. b. annular shoulder 97', 'aziged to l :against the inner face 93 off the fetus, in such a manner that an inward movement of said expander, by means presently to be set forth, will cause said jaws to move or expend outwardly, for the purpose of inter- Mandrel 97 is extended through the aws, and upon the some is mounted a sleeve 99, which is formed at its inner end into a contractorcup 100, the inner edge of which bears against the face 93 of the annular V upon the jaws. ithin 'which is screwed upon the expander-man drel. As the mandre1 97 moves Wigwam, the reaction" of spring *101 is sulhcient to the live spindle 95, by-

the outer end of said sleeve 99, is f0. .ied a chamber for the re- 1 messes piston 107 that is operable within the head or cylinder 108, which is attached to the pulley 4L0. Pulley 4:0 is rigidly attached to the live spindle in any suitable manner. A pipe 109, for the admission of actuating 'fiuid, enters the piston-tube 110, through a stufling-nut ill, and air is admitted thereto and permitted to exhaust therefrom by means of a three-way cock 112, which is automatically actuated by being connected to the lever 52 by any suitable means, such as a coupling-rod 113. When air is admitted through the pipe, it causes piston 107 to move in the outward direction,-indicated by arrow o,which movement is transmitted through the medium aforesaid, to the mandrel 97, and causes the jaws $2 to move outwardly, in which movement, spring 101 is caused to contract, because of the outward or backward movement of cup 100. When cock 112 is turned to the air-escape position, spring 114 mcvessaid piston back to the normal position shown, and the chuck contracts as above stated.

It is desirable that a SiJHillEig-bOX 115 be provided for the passage of stem 108, and a suitable gland 116. be placed therein, to comprcss the packing, and inasmuch as the loca tion is normally inaccessible, and cannot be reached. for the purpose of adgustin said gland 116, Without considerable d1sassem-' bling of the surrounding structure, 1 arrange and adapt the gland to be automatically ad usted, by exposing the outer face 7 or end of same to the pressure of the air that actuates piston 107. By this arran ment, the compression of the packing is a ways automatic and in proportion to the pressure of the air used in operating the chuck mechanism.

Throughout this specification, I have considered the machine here shown in its adaptability to finishing the lateral edges of pieton rings; it is, however, fullyv as well adapted for finishing other annuli and like objects, and such use is equally within the scope of my invention.

The machine could also, if desired, be constructed in such a manner that the gage tools and the grinding wheels would operate upon the'worl: at the same time.

I claim 1. In a machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination with means for so holdin and revolvin such ring that the two lateral edges thereof may be simultaneously operated upon, of a plurality of pairs. of width-reducing means, each. of said pairs being adjustable as to said width, and arranged to operate upon the two edges of such ring simultaneously, and

erform a etc in the reduction of such rin b to a predetermined width, and means moving said reducing means respectively into operative. relation with said ring, alter.

,nately, in the proper sequence.

2. In a machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination with means for so holding and revolving such ring that the two lateral edges thereof may be simultaneously operated upon, of a plurality of width-reducing means, each adjustable as to said width, and; arranged to operate upon the two edges of such ring simultaneously, and perform a step in the reduction of said ring to a predetermined width, and means automatically moving said reducing means respectively into operative relation with said ring, alternately, inthe proper sequence.

3. In a' machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination with means for holding and revolving a. ring in such a manner that the lateral edges thereof may be simultaneously operated upon, of a plurality of width-reducing means, each adjustable transversely to the axial line of said holding means, and arranged to operate upon the two edges of such ring simultaneously and perform a step in the rcduction of said ring to a predetermined width, and means automatically moving said reducing means respectively into operative relation with said ring alternately in the proper sequence.

4. In a machine -for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination with a chuck attached to a suitably driven spindle and arranged for holding a ring in 1' such manner that the two lateral edges thereof, may be simultaneously operated upon, of a plurality of devices, each adapted temperate upon both edges of said ring simultaneously for the purpose of reducing the width thereof, each of said devices be ing arranged to perform a step in the reduction of said ring to a ore-determined width, means automatically moving said dcvices into operative relation with said ring alternately and in the proper sequence, and means arresting the action of said moving means at the completion of such sequence.

5. In a machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination with a chuck attached to a driven spindleand arranged to hold a ring in such manner that the lateral edges thereof may be sunultaneously operated upon, of aplurality of devices, each adapted to operate upon both ring in 'suchmanner that the lateral edges edges of said ring simultaneously for the thereof may be simultaneously operated upon, of a plurality of devices each adapted to operate upon both. edges of a ring simultaneously and to perform a step in the 'reduct'ion of said ring to a predetermined width, means automatically and alternately 'oving said devicesinto the operative re lation .with said ring, in the proper sequence, and means arrestingtheaction of said. moving means, at the completion of said sequence.

7. In a machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination of a bed, a head-stock attached to said bed, a spindle in said head-stock, a chuck attached to said spindle, arranged to chuck such ring, a saddle mounted upon said bed and movable transversely to the axial line of said spindle in said mounted upon said bed finishing means for said ring arranged to operate upon both edgm thereof simultaneously, and means arranged to move said saddle to bring said finishing means into operative relation with said ring and to remove the same therefrom.

8. In a machine for finishing the lateral edges of piston rings, the combination of a bed, a head-stock mounted upon said bed, a head-stock, a chuck attached to said spindle, arranged. to chuck said ring by internal engagement thereof, a saddle and movable thereon in a line transverse to the axial line of said chuck, ring-finishing means attached to said saddle, arranged to operate upon both edges of said ring, means automatically moving said saddle to bring said finishing means into rative spindle,

simultaneously,

relation to said ring and to remove t e same therefrom, and means automatically arrestingthe action of said saddle-movin means at the completion of saidremova movement.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

v DAVID F. DOMIZI,

Witnesses AoNss WHAnnn, E. R. INMAN. 

